{"id":4964,"date":"2025-01-29T00:57:48","date_gmt":"2025-01-28T23:57:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/?p=4964"},"modified":"2025-01-29T00:59:39","modified_gmt":"2025-01-28T23:59:39","slug":"afrin-annual-report-on-arbitrary-detention-and-torture-during-2024ar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/afrin-annual-report-on-arbitrary-detention-and-torture-during-2024ar\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2024"},"content":{"rendered":"<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: 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src=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2-1.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2-1-1170x658.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/2-1-585x329.jpg 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f &#8220;\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0631\u064a\u0641 \u062d\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a 8 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href=\"https:\/\/www.syriahr.com\/%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AA-%D9%88%D8%B7%D8%A3%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%B9%D9%80-%D9%80%D8%B0%D9%8A%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF-%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%86-%D8%B9\/711980\/\">\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0644<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0646 <a href=\"https:\/\/7al.net\/2021\/06\/11\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%B3%D8%AC%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%89-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%83\/norhat-h\/reports-and-investigations\/\">\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628<\/a>\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u064a\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0630\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a 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justify;\">\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2024\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 (\u062a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0647 &#8211; 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https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/1-3-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/1-3-1170x658.jpg 1170w, https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/1-3-585x329.jpg 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642:<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062b\u0651\u0642\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 &#8220;\u062a\u0622\u0632\u0631&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a 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href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-letter-to-un-on-arbitrary-detention-and-torture-in-northern-syria\/?fbclid=IwY2xjawHzqVBleHRuA2FlbQIxMQABHeVipjDrG6EckEgnnpWhw99bFCyGdoOtZCG6t9vRjIBX-lh-5olnSjAEMg_aem_DSWKXPujgpESRaN6GZ_SoA\">\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629<\/a> \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 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justify;\">\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0630\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0647\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u064f\u062c\u0628\u0650\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u062f \u0642\u0633\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064f\u062f\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 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href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-torture-as-a-systematic-policy-in-northern-syria\/\">\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-torture-as-a-systematic-policy-in-northern-syria\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u0629<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-torture-as-a-systematic-policy-in-northern-syria\/\">: <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-torture-as-a-systematic-policy-in-northern-syria\/\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-torture-as-a-systematic-policy-in-northern-syria\/\">\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-torture-as-a-systematic-policy-in-northern-syria\/\">\u0645\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0629<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-torture-as-a-systematic-policy-in-northern-syria\/\">\u0641\u064a<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-torture-as-a-systematic-policy-in-northern-syria\/\">\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/hevdesti.org\/ar\/ar-torture-as-a-systematic-policy-in-northern-syria\/\">\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/a>\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a&#8221; \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 &#8220;\u0646\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645&#8221; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 &#8220;\u063a\u0635\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0648&#8221; \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0635\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u062b\u0650\u0642\u0644 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0635\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u062c&#8221; \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0647\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> Official Records of the Diplomatic Conference on the Reaffirmation and Development of International Humanitarian Law applicable in Armed Conflicts, Vol. 8, CDDH\/I\/SR.22, Geneva, 1974\u201377, p. 201.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Sivakumaran, The Law of Non-International Armed Conflict, (Oxford University Press, 2012), p 530.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> Committee Against Torture, 20th Sess., GRB. v Sweden, Communication No. 83\/ 1997, UN. Doc. CAT\/C\/20\/D\/83\/1997 (19 June 1998); Sheekh v Netherlands, App. No. 1948\/04, HUDOC at 45 (11 January 2007); UN Secretary-General, Report of the Secretary-General\u2019s Panel of Experts on Accountability in Sri Lanka, 243 (31 March 2011), p 188; Darragh Murray, Human Rights Obligations of Non-State Armed Groups (Hart Publishing, 2016).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> OHCHR, \u2018International Legal Protection of Human Rights in Armed Conflict\u2019, Geneva and New-York (2011), pp 23-27 (Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Documents\/Publications\/HR_in_armed_conflict.pdf\">https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/sites\/default\/files\/Documents\/Publications\/HR_in_armed_conflict.pdf<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> Ibid. p. 24.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> OHCHR, Joint Statement by independent United Nations human rights experts on human rights responsibilities of armed non-State actors, 25 February 2021 (Available at: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/press-releases\/2021\/02\/joint-statement-independent-united-nations-human-rights-experts-human-rights?LangID=E&amp;NewsID=26797\">https:\/\/www.ohchr.org\/en\/press-releases\/2021\/02\/joint-statement-independent-united-nations-human-rights-experts-human-rights?LangID=E&amp;NewsID=26797<\/a>).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\"><\/a>\u00a0[9]\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 90 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> ICTY,\u00a0<em>Kunarac\u00a0<\/em>Trial Judgment, 2001, para. 496, confirmed in Appeal Judgment, 2002, para. 148. See also\u00a0<em>Simi\u0107\u00a0<\/em>Trial Judgment, 2003, para. 82;\u00a0<em>Br\u0111anin\u00a0<\/em>Trial Judgment, 2004, para. 488; <em>Kvo\u010dka\u00a0<\/em>Appeal Judgment, 2005, para. 284;\u00a0<em>Limaj<\/em>\u00a0Trial Judgment, 2005, para. 240;\u00a0<em>Mrk\u0161i\u0107<\/em>\u00a0Trial Judgment, 2007, para. 514;\u00a0<em>Haradinaj\u00a0<\/em>Retrial Judgment, 2012, para. 419; and\u00a0<em>Stani\u0161i\u0107 and \u017dupljanin<\/em>Trial Judgment, 2013, para. 49.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 8 (\u062c)(1) \u0648(2)\u061b \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 2(\u0628)\u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 4.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> ICRC 2020 Commentary on Common Article 3, para 596.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 99 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0645 35 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2014.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0627\u0646 42 \u064878 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629: \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644\/\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2024\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0631 &#8220;\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u064f\u0647\u062c\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0628. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u062d\u0648\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4969,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"link","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[160,25],"tags":[78,81,150,93,77,155,63,44,33,64,222,79,80],"class_list":["post-4964","post","type-post","status-publish","format-link","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-160","category-25","tag-78","tag-81","tag-150","tag-93","tag-77","tag-155","tag-63","tag-44","tag-33","tag-64","tag-222","tag-79","tag-80","post_format-post-format-link"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0639\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0633\u0641\u064a\u060c 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